Every value, threshold, range, and formula from the guide, on one page. Print it, or use it as the last-48-hours cram sheet. Values are grouped by exam domain, then by chapter.
If you only memorize twelve things
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| ~206 | Bones in the adult skeleton (number can vary) |
| >430 | Skeletal muscles covered by epimysium |
| 7 / 12 / 5 | Cervical / thoracic / lumbar vertebrae |
| 5 + 3–5 | Fused sacral + coccygeal vertebrae |
| 50–100 µm | Muscle fiber diameter (≈ a human hair) |
| ≤150 | Fibers per fasciculus |
| ~1 µm | Myofibril diameter (1/100 of a hair) |
| 16 nm | Myosin (thick) filament diameter |
| 6 nm | Actin (thin) filament diameter |
| ~2.5 µm | Sarcomere length at rest |
| ~4,500 | Sarcomeres per cm of muscle length |
| ≤200 | Myosin molecules per thick filament |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 3.5 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ | 1 MET — resting oxygen consumption |
| 25–80 | V̇O₂max range, mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ (= 7.1–22.9 METs) |
| 15–16 g / ~14 g | Hemoglobin per 100 mL blood — men / women |
| 1.34 mL | O₂ carried per gram of hemoglobin |
| ~20 mL | O₂-carrying capacity per 100 mL blood (men) |
| ~3 mL | O₂ dissolved per liter of plasma |
| ~70% / ~5% | CO₂ transported as bicarbonate / dissolved in plasma |
| ~60 mmHg | Alveolar–capillary PO₂ gradient at rest |
| 320/250 mmHg | Peak BP reported at 95% 1RM leg press (HR 170 beats/min) |
| up to 22% | Reported plasma volume reduction with resistance exercise |
| >20% MVC | Contraction intensity that impedes peripheral blood flow |
| >60 L/min | Reported ventilation rates during resistance exercise |
| 30 s–1 min | Rest intervals producing the greatest ventilatory elevation |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 23–145 psi | Force per in² of CSA a maximally contracting muscle can generate |
| 16–100 N/cm² | The same range in SI units |
| <15° | Angle of pennation in most human muscles (0° = no pennation) |
| ~4 | Resistance training injuries per 1,000 hours of participation |
| 0.35 | RT injuries per 100 collegiate football players per season |
| 0.74% | Of in-season injury time loss attributable to resistance training |
| 85–90% | Of disk herniations occur at L4–L5 or L5–S1 |
| ~5 cm (2 in) | Moment arm of the spinal erectors to the disks |
| >10× | Erector force frequently exceeds the weight lifted by this factor |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 80–100 g (~3 oz) | Total body ATP stored at any moment |
| 50–60% | Maximum ATP depletion during induced fatigue |
| 4–6× | CP concentration relative to ATP in skeletal muscle |
| 50–70% | CP decrease in the first 5–30 s of high-intensity work |
| 300–400 g | Glycogen in total body muscle (11–14 oz) |
| 70–100 g | Glycogen in the liver (2–4 oz) |
| >60% V̇O₂max | Above which muscle glycogen becomes increasingly important |
| 20–60% | Muscle glycogen depletion from high-intensity resistance training |
| 0.7–3.0 g/kg | Carbohydrate every 2 h post-exercise for optimal repletion |
| 2.5 mmol/L | Blood glucose below which hypoglycemic reactions may occur |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 0.5–2.2 mmol/L | Normal resting blood lactate |
| 0.5 / 0.25 | Max lactate production, type II / type I — mmol·g⁻¹·s⁻¹ |
| 20–25 mmol/L | Severe fatigue (>30 has been reported) |
| ~5 min | When peak blood lactate occurs after exercise stops |
| ~1 hour | Typical return to pre-exercise lactate values |
| Duration | System · % max power · work-to-rest |
|---|---|
| 0–6 s | Phosphagen · 90–100% · 1:12 to 1:20 |
| 6–30 s | Phosphagen + fast glycolysis · 75–90% · 1:3 to 1:5 |
| 30 s–2 min | Fast glycolysis · 30–75% · 1:3 to 1:4 |
| 2–3 min | Fast glycolysis + oxidative · 20–35% · 1:3 to 1:4 |
| >3 min | Oxidative · ≤20% · 1:1 to 1:3 |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 5–10% | Women's circulating testosterone relative to men's |
| 0.5–2% | Of total testosterone that is "free" |
| 2 years | Training before an exercise-induced testosterone effect appeared in young weightlifters (14–17 y) |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 71% | Of muscle tissue activated in maximal efforts by untrained people |
| <10 / >100 | Fibers per motor unit — small intricate vs. large powerful muscles |
| 19–55% | Increase in reflex potentiation from resistance training |
| 6–10 wk | Window of dramatic neural adaptation (Sale) |
| 48 h | How long protein synthesis stays elevated after acute resistance exercise |
| 3–4 wk (9–12 workouts) | Before CSA changes are detectable |
| 10 wk | When exercise-induced muscle damage becomes negligible |
| <10% | Of added tissue possibly attributable to hyperplasia, if it occurs at all |
| +28% / +18% | Resting creatine phosphate / ATP after 5 months of resistance training |
| +112% | Glycogen content increase with bodybuilding-style training |
| 16–38% | Increase in buffering capacity from HIIT above lactate threshold |
| 15–19% | Increase in Achilles tendon stiffness after 8 weeks of resistance training |
| 5–6% | Patellar tendon CSA increase after 9 weeks of knee extension training |
| 80% 1RM | Load that increases tendon stiffness — 20% 1RM does not |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 60–80 beats/min | Normal SA node discharge rate |
| 40–60 beats/min | Resting HR in highly conditioned endurance athletes (bradycardia) |
| 6–12 mo | Window in which most V̇O₂max adaptation occurs |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 3,900 ft (1,189 m) | Where acute physiological adjustments begin |
| 30–50% | Increase in submaximal HR and cardiac output above sea level |
| 10–14 d | Before HR and cardiac output begin returning to normal |
| 3–6 wk | Minimum to adapt at moderate altitude (2,200–3,000 ft) |
| 5–15% / 30–50% | Increase in hemoglobin formation / red blood cells |
| ~1 month | For acclimatization changes to revert at sea level |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| ~75% in 4–6 days | Of heat acclimation adaptations; thermoregulatory changes begin day 1 |
| 2.5%/day | Loss of adaptations per day without heat exposure |
| ~1 month | Full loss without repeated exercise heat stress |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 5 years | Maximum biological difference between two children of the same chronological age |
| 8–13 / 9–15 y | Onset of puberty — girls / boys (girls ~2 years earlier) |
| 13.8 / 11.9 y | Mean age at PHV — boys / girls |
| 91–92% | Of predicted adult height at which PHV occurs |
| 88–95% | Of predicted adult height at which the growth spurt ensues |
| 25% → 40% | Muscle as % of body weight — birth to adulthood |
| 16–20 / 18–25 y | Peak muscle mass — females / males |
| 1.2 y after PHV | When peak strength gains occur in boys (0.8 y after peak weight velocity) |
| 30–40% | Typical strength gain in untrained preadolescents after 8–20 weeks |
| 10–90% | Full reported range of maximum strength gains |
| >23 weeks | Program duration producing larger strength and power gains |
| >80% 1RM | Relative intensity producing greater strength gains |
| ≥85% HRmax | Endurance intensity producing greater V̇O₂peak gains |
| 67% | Of twice-weekly strength gains achieved by training once per week |
| Age 5 | Youngest age shown to benefit from appropriate resistance training |
| 3×/week | WHO recommendation for muscle- and bone-strengthening activity |
| Age 30 | When decline in performance begins, even in highly trained athletes |
| 1–1.5%/yr | Decline in competitive weightlifting ability until ~age 70 |
| > −2.5 SD / −1 to −2.5 SD | Osteoporosis / osteopenia thresholds (below young adult mean) |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| absolute → /BW → /FFM | Strength normalization sequence; differences disappear entirely relative to fat-free mass |
| Lower > upper | Lower body strength is closer to male values than upper body at every level of normalization |
| 2× | Female ACL injury rate vs. male in comparable sports — main factor is neuromuscular deficiency |
| up to 16 weeks | Window over which relative hypertrophy gains are similar between sexes |
| 2nd trimester | When the supine position warning begins in pregnancy |
| 5× / 2.7× | Urinary incontinence vs. male athletes / vs. sedentary females |
| No modification | Current evidence does not support altering prescription by menstrual cycle phase |
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| 5 theories | Arousal–performance: drive, inverted-U, IZOF, catastrophe, reversal |
| Arousal rule | Reduce for complex/new/high-pressure · increase for simple/well-learned/low-pressure |
| 4 cells | Positive/negative reinforcement vs. positive/negative punishment |
| 6 sources | Bandura's self-efficacy sources |
| 3 stages | Fitts & Posner: cognitive → associative → autonomous |
| 4 quadrants | Nideffer's attentional focus (broad/narrow × internal/external) |
| 3 steps | Mental health: signs/symptoms → duration & disruption → referral |
| Feedback rule | Concurrent aids performance but impairs learning; delayed, initially frequent then reduced, aids learning |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 4 / 4 / 9 kcal/g | Energy density — carbohydrate / protein / fat |
| ~15 g/kg | Total body glycogen per kg body weight (¾ muscle, ¼ liver) |
| 21–25 g / 30–38 g | DRI for fiber — women / men |
| <10% | Of calories from saturated fat, and from added sugars |
| 22,400 kcal | Fat energy stored in a 72 kg runner at 4% body fat |
| 45–75% | Of body weight that is water |
| 3.7 L / 2.7 L | AI for water — men / women (3.0 L pregnant, 3.8 L lactating) |
| 2–3% | Body weight loss at which performance is already affected |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 1 g/kg at 2 h | Precompetition meal; 1–4 g/kg CHO + 0.15–0.25 g/kg protein at 4+ h |
| 8–10 g/kg | Carbohydrate loading (10–12 g/kg the 36–48 h before a marathon) → 20–40% above normal glycogen |
| 28–144 g/h | Carbohydrate during exercise, using multiple carbohydrate types |
| 1.0–1.1 g/min | Exogenous carbohydrate oxidation ceiling — the number that explains all the others |
| 1.0–1.85 g/kg/h | Post-exercise glycogen; two phases (insulin-independent 30–60 min, then slower) |
| 20–50 g | High-leucine protein post-training; trigger is 2–3 g leucine or 0.05 g/kg |
| +500 kcal/day | Weight gain, with 1.6–2.2 g/kg protein |
| −500 kcal/day | Fat loss, with 1.8–2.7 g/kg protein |
| 45 / <30 kcal/kg FFM/day | Energy availability — optimal / severe perturbations |
| RMR = 500 + 22 × FFM | Cunningham equation (FFM in kg) |
| Highest mortality | Anorexia nervosa — of any mental health disorder |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| ~98% | Of body creatine stored in skeletal muscle (40% free / 60% phosphorylated) |
| ~20% | Increase in muscle creatine content from supplementation |
| 150–160 mmol/kg dw | Creatine saturation limit |
| 15–40% | Prevalence of use among athletes and military personnel |
| ~4 weeks | For muscle creatine to return to baseline after stopping |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 2 / 3 / 5 min | Rest — between submaximal attempts / near-maximal attempts / tests in a battery |
| 3–5 min / ≥1 h | Recovery — phosphagen / anaerobic glycolytic |
| ~5% per 3,000 ft | V̇O₂max drop above 1,900 ft; allow 10 days to acclimate |
| 80 °F (27 °C) | Where heat impairment begins, especially above 50% humidity |
| Reliable ≠ valid | A test must be reliable to be valid, but a reliable test is not necessarily valid |
| 4 sources | Variability: intrasubject, interrater, intrarater, and the test itself |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 3–5 attempts | Find the 1RM within this many attempts after warm-up sets |
| P = (w × h) ÷ t | Margaria-Kalamen power equation |
| 0.24 s | Hand timing can be this much faster than electronic timing |
| 30 s at ~7.5% BW | Wingate — peak power, mean power, fatigue index |
| z = (score − mean) ÷ SD | Z-score |
| 0.2 × between-subject SD | Smallest worthwhile change |
| r = 0.99 | Skinfolds — most valid and reliable generally available method; DXA is the gold standard |
| Do not use | Load–velocity profiling to estimate 1RM — it consistently overestimates |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| RAMP | Raise · Activate and Mobilize · Potentiate |
| 10–20 min | Warm-up duration, ending no more than 15 minutes before the activity |
| >60 s | Static stretch hold above which performance detriment appears (<45 s = less decrement) |
| 15–30 s | Static stretch hold for flexibility work |
| 3–6 s at ≤20% MVC | PNF static contraction |
| Both GTO-mediated | Autogenic and reciprocal inhibition |
| Both directions | Inflexibility and hyperflexibility increase injury risk |
| Item | Content |
|---|---|
| 5-point contact | Head · upper back/shoulders · buttocks on the bench; both feet flat on the floor |
| Breathing | Exhale through the sticking point of the concentric phase; inhale during the eccentric |
| Valsalva | 1–2 second limit; experienced, healthy athletes only |
| Weight belt | Only when the exercise stresses the low back AND the load is near-maximal or maximal |
| Spot | Over the head · on the back · racked on the front shoulders · over the face. POWER EXERCISES ARE NEVER SPOTTED. |
| Over-face grip | Alternated grip, narrower than the athlete's; dumbbells spotted at the wrists, not the elbows |
| 20–30% BM | Accentuated eccentric loading for plyometric potentiation |
| up to 50% | Eccentric strength deficit — more force eccentrically than concentrically |
| 3 overload methods | Constant external · accommodating · variable resistance |
| Suspension | Farther from the anchor point = less resistance; weighted vest to exceed body weight |
| Chains | Average top and bottom chain resistance, subtract from the target load |
| >80% MVC | Valsalva threshold for these methods (or lighter loads to failure) |
| %1RM | Reps |
|---|---|
| 100 / 95 / 93 / 90 | 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 |
| 87 / 85 / 83 / 80 | 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 |
| 77 / 75 / 70 | 9 / 10 / 11 |
| 67 / 65 | 12 / 15 |
| Goal | Load · reps · sets · rest |
|---|---|
| Strength | ≥85% 1RM · ≤6 reps · 2–6 sets · 2–5 min |
| Power (single effort) | 80–90% · 1–2 reps · 3–5 sets · 2–5 min |
| Power (multiple effort) | 75–85% · 3–5 reps · 3–5 sets · 2–5 min |
| Hypertrophy | 67–85% · 6–12 reps · 3–6 sets · 30 s–1.5 min |
| Muscular endurance | ≤67% · ≥12 reps · 2–3 sets · ≤30 s |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 2-for-2 rule | Two extra reps over the goal, on the last set, in two consecutive sessions → increase the load |
| Upper 2.5–10% · lower 5–15% | Load increase (Table 18.12); smaller/weaker athletes at the low end |
| 7 steps | Needs analysis · exercise selection · frequency · order · load and reps · volume · rest |
| 3 needs-analysis parts | Movement analysis · physiological analysis · injury analysis |
| SAID / DeLorme 1945 | Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demands; progressive resistance exercise origin |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 0.25 s | Boundary between fast and slow SSC |
| 0.35 s → 25% 0.9 s → 52% 1.0 s → 55% 1.5 s → 70% | Elastic energy lost as the amortization phase lengthens |
| 20–30 ms / 30–45 ms | Stretch reflex latency — quadriceps / gastrocnemius |
| SEC · CC · PEC | Series elastic · contractile · parallel elastic components |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 16–42 in (41–107 cm) | Recommended range |
| 30–32 in (76–81 cm) | The norm |
| ≤18 in (46 cm) | Maximum for athletes over 220 lb (100 kg) |
| 48 in (122 cm) | Too great for many athletes — injury risk rises, amortization lengthens, defeating the exercise |
| 1.5 × BW / 2.0 × BW | Back squat strength prerequisite — lower body plyos / depth jumps (5 s squat hold as an alternative) |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 0.09–0.11 s | Ground contact time — maximum velocity sprinting |
| 0.17–0.20 s | Ground contact time — acceleration |
| 0.23–0.25 s | Ground contact time — agility |
| 0.15–0.6 s | Ground contact time — change of direction |
| 300 ms vs. 0–200 ms | Time to peak force vs. the time actually available on the ground → rate of force development is what matters |
| <45° / >45° | COD generally fast SSC / generally slower SSC |
| <75° / ≥75° | Shallow cuts <250 ms contact, train like speed / aggressive cuts >250 ms, emphasize eccentric strength |
| 2.70 vs. 2.56 m | Stride length — elite vs. novice |
| 4.63 vs. 4.43 steps/s | Stride frequency — elite vs. novice |
| ≤10% | Overspeed assistance limit |
| ≤10–12% / 20–30% BW | Resisted sprinting — sprinter velocity decrement limit / field-sport sled load |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| MLSS > LT > V̇O₂max | Predictive hierarchy for endurance performance |
| <2 mmol/L | Low-intensity / aerobic zone — stable blood lactate |
| 2–4 mmol/L | Lactate threshold training |
| >4 mmol/L | High-intensity / anaerobic zone |
| 3.5 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ | 1 MET |
| Karvonen | Target HR = [(HRmax − HRrest) × intensity] + HRrest |
| 10% rule | Maximum weekly increase in training volume |
| Type | Prescription |
|---|---|
| Long slow distance | ≤65% V̇O₂max · 30–120 min |
| Pace/tempo | At the lactate threshold · 20–30 min |
| Interval | Near V̇O₂max · 3–5 min work · 1:1 work-to-rest |
| HIIT (repetition) | >V̇O₂max · 30–90 s work · 1:5 work-to-rest |
| Fartlek | Mixed · 20–60 min |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| Linear | Gradual decrease in daily volume throughout the taper |
| Step | Abrupt reduction (normally ≥50%), then held constant |
| Progressive | Rapid 10–15% cut, then smaller gradual reductions at each tier |
| <7 d / 8–14 d / >15 d | Short- / medium- / long-term taper protocols |
| Volume falls, intensity holds | The rule for every taper model |
| ~75% in 4–6 days | Heat adaptations (HR and core temperature); remainder takes 7+ days |
| 60–90 min/session | Heat exposure target (120 min also effective) |
| >30 °C (86 °F) WBGT | Wet-bulb globe temperature needed to elicit the stress |
| 30 min | Passive heat exposure (sauna, hot-water immersion), ideally consecutive days |
| Cycle | Duration |
|---|---|
| Multiyear plan | 2–4 years (quadrennial for Olympic sports) |
| Annual training plan | 1 year |
| Macrocycle | Several months to a year |
| Mesocycle | 2–6 weeks |
| Microcycle | Several days to 2 weeks |
| Training day / session | 1 day / several hours |
| Phase | Intensity · volume |
|---|---|
| Hypertrophy/endurance (preparatory · off-season) | Low intensity (50–75%) · high volume (3–6 × 10–20) |
| Basic strength (preparatory · off-season) | High (80–90%) · moderate (3–5 × 4–8) |
| Strength/power (first transition · preseason) | Very high (75–95%) · low (3–5 × 2–5) |
| Competition (in-season) | Very high (≥93%) or variable · very low (1–3 × 1–3) |
| Active rest (second transition · postseason) | Very low · very low — ≤4 weeks |
| Concept | Content |
|---|---|
| GAS | Alarm → resistance → exhaustion (supercompensation on recovery) |
| Fitness–fatigue | Fatigue dissipates two-thirds faster than fitness |
| 4 periods | Preparatory · first transition · competitive · second transition |
| 3 planning models | Parallel · sequential · emphasis |
| Phase | Timing and tissue |
|---|---|
| Inflammatory response | Up to 72 hours — do not stress the tissue |
| Fibroblastic repair | 72 h to ~2 months — random type III collagen |
| Maturation–remodeling | Weeks to years — aligned type I collagen |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| POLICE | Protection · Optimal Loading · Ice · Compression · Elevation (replaces PRICE) |
| DAPRE | Daily Adjustable Progressive Resistive Exercise — 4 sets: 50%, 75%, 100% of working weight, then max reps |
| <10% | Side-to-side deficit target for return to play |
| DeLorme / Oxford | Progressive (50/75/100%) / regressive (100/75/50%) loading |
| 1st / 2nd / 3rd degree | Sprain (ligament) and strain (muscle/tendon) grades |
| Value | Condition |
|---|---|
| Cramps → syncope → exhaustion | The continuum before heatstroke |
| 104.9 °F (40.5 °C) | Heat exhaustion upper bound |
| 109.4 °F (43 °C) | Heatstroke — medical emergency |
| 95 °F (35 °C) | Hypothermia threshold |
| 89.6 °F (32 °C) | Severe hypothermia — shivering ceases |
| Term | Content |
|---|---|
| Overreaching | Short-term decrement; restoration takes several days to several weeks |
| Overtraining | Long-term decrement; restoration takes several weeks or months |
| Order of failure | 1. SPEED (most sensitive) → 2. POWER → 3. MAXIMAL STRENGTH (last) |
| 1 week | Return to baseline after overreaching |
| 4 weeks | Recovery after overtraining from high-intensity resistance exercise |
| Months to a year | Recovery after overtraining from high-volume distance running |
| SOTS / POTS | Sympathetic (short-term, β-2 receptor down-regulation) / parasympathetic (Addisonoid; Israel 1976) |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 100 ft² (9.3 m²) | Minimum space per person — athletes + all staff |
| 12–14 ft (3.7–4.3 m) | Ceiling height |
| 100 ft-lb/ft² (4.8 kN/m²) | Minimum floor load-bearing capacity |
| 68–74 °F (20–23 °C) | Optimal temperature (acceptable 68–78 °F / 20–26 °C) |
| ≤60% | Relative humidity — must not be exceeded |
| 20–30 fc (200–300 lux) | General lighting; up to 50 fc (500 lux) in resistance/group areas. LED, 4,000°–5,000° K |
| 8–10 ×/h (12–15 optimal) | Air exchanges per hour (ANSI/ASHRAE 62.1); 2–4 fans per 1,200 ft² |
| <90 dB | Sound ceiling — headphones are not recommended |
| 20 in up · 6 in back | Mirrors (51 cm above floor, 15 cm from equipment) — a plate is 18 in across |
| 0.5 in (1.3 cm) | Height change requiring a ramp or lift; ramps run 12 in per 1 in rise |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 3 ft (0.9 m) | Between racks, barbells, dumbbells |
| 5–7 ft (1.5–2.1 m) | Main walkway width |
| 30 in min / 36 in preferred | Between stationary circuit machines |
| 40–60 ft² | Per piece of aerobic equipment (treadmill 53 · rower 48 · elliptical 47 · recumbent bike 38 · stair climber 35 · ski 31 · upright bike 30) |
| 3 ft single · 6 ft double-wide | Safety cushion — 6 ft covers both ends of the bar |
| 117 / 50 / 130 / 154 ft² | Bench press · standing curl · back squat from rack · weightlifting on a wood platform |
| 7–9 ft · 5,000 lb (22 kN) | Suspension trainer anchor height · OSHA carabiner tensile strength |
| 4 items | Emergency equipment: fire extinguisher · AED · CPR equipment · stocked first aid kit |
| Value | What it is |
|---|---|
| 4 elements | Negligence: duty · breach of duty · proximate cause · damages |
| 1:10 · 1:15 · 1:20 | Professional-to-participant — junior high · high school · college (Guideline 3.1) |
| ~80% | Of athletic-injury court cases citing supervision |
| Age 18+ | Standard 9.1 — supplements only to individuals 18 or above |
| Quarterly | Minimum frequency for practising the emergency action plan |
| 4 roles | Emergency team: immediate care · equipment retrieval · EMS activation · directing EMS |
| 2 questions | Product liability: changed from original condition? used as intended? |
| 5 tiers | Discipline: warning → 1 day → 1 week → rest of year → permanent |
| Aug 1, 2015 | NCAA Division I certification legislation effective date |